MOEA/D-N-UVRP that is based on the framework of the MOEA/D for UCVRP, where the main adjustment is in the dashed box.

<p>MOEA/D-N-UVRP that is based on the framework of the MOEA/D for UCVRP, where the main adjustment is in the dashed box.</p

Representation scheme 3.

<p>Representation scheme 3.</p

Example of PMX operation.

<p>Example of PMX operation.</p

Results of nearest neighbor reorganization.

<p>Results of nearest neighbor reorganization.</p

Notations used in the Heat Conduction Model.

<p>Notations used in the Heat Conduction Model.</p

Sketch of multi-objective optimization [26].

<p>Sketch of multi-objective optimization [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0155176#pone.0155176.ref026" target="_blank">26</a>].</p

Representation scheme 1: Vehicle-oriented coding.

<p>Representation scheme 1: Vehicle-oriented coding.</p

Optimization results of MOEA/D-N-UAV on instance E-n23-k3.

<p>Optimization results of MOEA/D-N-UAV on instance E-n23-k3.</p

The temperature of the water (<i>T</i>_<i>1</i>) and the blood (<i>T</i>_<i>2</i>) change with time in the given circumstance.

<p>The temperature of the water (<i>T</i>_<i>1</i>) and the blood (<i>T</i>_<i>2</i>) change with time in the given circumstance.</p

Using frequency of each proportion in Table 5 for instance E-n101-k14 according to different <i>MaxY</i> values.

<p><i>MaxY</i> is set as 150 and 30 for (a) and (b) respectively.</p